Ukupakishwa okusimeme manje kuzuza ngokubaluleka

Ukupakisha okusimememanje iba ngokubaluleka njengoba abathengi beqala ukufuna izinketho ezizinzile. Izinhlobo zokupakisha ezisimeme zifaka phakathi noma yiziphi izinto ezivumelana nemvelo ezisetshenziselwa ukupakisha, ukugcina, ukuthutha, noma ukugcina imikhiqizo, okuhlanganisa izinto ezibolayo, ezivuthwayo, ezigaywa kabusha, ezingasebenziseka kabusha, nezipakishwe esitshalweni.
Ukupakisha okusimemeinezinzuzo eziningi, okuhlanganisa ukuvikelwa kwemvelo, ukunciphisa imfucuza, ukonga izindleko, ukuthobela imithetho, ukuthuthukiswa komkhiqizo, namathuba emakethe. Ngokwamukela izinqubo zokupakisha ezisimeme, amabhizinisi angathola lezi zinzuzo kuyilapho enikela ekusaseni elizinzile.
Ngezansi, sichaza ngokuningiliziwe umehluko phakathi kwezinhlobo zokupakisha okusimeme, kanye nezinzuzo nezinselele. Sizophinde sibheke imithetho nemigomo yezimboni kanye nekusasa lokupakishwa okusimeme.
Ukupakisha okusimemekuhilela ukusetshenziswa kwezinto kanye namasu okuklama anciphisa umthelela wemvelo womkhiqizo kuwo wonke umjikelezo wawo wokuphila, kusukela ekukhiqizeni kuye ekulahleni. Kubandakanya ukusebenzisa izinto ezivuselelekayo, ezigaywa kabusha noma ezibolayo, ukunciphisa imfucuza, ukukhulisa usayizi wephakheji nesisindo, kanye nokusebenzisa izinqubo zokukhiqiza ezivumelana nemvelo. Ukupakisha okusimeme kuhlose ukulinganisa isidingo sokupakisha nesidingo sokuvikela imvelo nokulondoloza izinsiza.
Ukupakishwa kwendabuko kuvame ukusebenzisa izinsiza ezingavuseleleki futhi kudale udoti omningi. Ukupakisha okusimeme kuhlose ukunciphisa ukusetshenziswa kwezinsiza, ukunciphisa ukukhishwa kwegesi ebamba ukushisa nokuvimbela ukungcola, okusiza ukunciphisa ukuguquka kwesimo sezulu kanye nokulondoloza imithombo yemvelo.
Ukupakishwa kwe-eco-friendly kusebenzisa izinto ezigaywe kabusha noma ezigaywe kabusha ukuze kuncishiswe imfucuza futhi kukhuthaze ukugaywa kabusha kanye nokwenza umquba. Ngokunciphisa imfucuza yokupakisha, singanciphisa umthwalo ezindaweni zokulahla imfucumfucu futhi sinciphise umthelela wemvelo wokulahlwa kwamaphakheji.
Abathengi baya ngokuya beqaphela umthelela wemvelo wokuthenga kwabo. Ukupakishwa okusimeme kungathuthukisa isithunzi somkhiqizo futhi kukhange kubathengi abaqaphela imvelo abakhetha imikhiqizo esimeme.
Ohulumeni nabalawuli emhlabeni wonke bethula imithetho eqinile nezindinganiso zokukhuthaza izinqubo ezizinzile. Ukuthobela le mithetho kubalulekile ukuze amabhizinisi ahlale ethobela futhi agweme izinhlawulo.
Intuthuko yakamuva embonini yokupakisha esimeme ihlanganisa ukusetshenziswa okwengeziwe kwezinto ezigaywe kabusha kanye nentshisekelo ekhulayo ezintweni ezibolayo eziphilayo noma ezivundisiwe, okunciphisa umthelela wemvelo wemikhiqizo ekupheleni kwempilo yabo.
Umkhiqizo uphinde wagxila ekwandiseni idizayini yokupakisha ukuze kuncishiswe ukusetshenziswa kwezinto ngenkathi lusavikela umkhiqizo. Lokhu kufaka phakathi ukusebenzisa izinto ezizacile, ukuqeda izendlalelo ezingadingekile, nokuklama ukupakisha okufanela umkhiqizo ngokuphumelelayo, ukunciphisa udoti kanye nokukhishwa kwegesi ngesikhathi sokuthunyelwa.
Ukupakishwa kwe-Biodegradable konakaliswa ngokwemvelo amagciwane afana namagciwane noma isikhunta bese kuhlukaniswa kube izinto ezilula, ezingenabo ubuthi. Lezi zinto zenza inqubo yezinto eziphilayo ebizwa ngokuthi i-biodegradation, lapho zihlukana zibe izakhi ezifana ne-carbon dioxide, amanzi kanye ne-biomass. Ukupakishwa kwe-Biodegradable kuklanyelwe ukunciphisa umthelela wemvelo ngemva kokulahlwa kanye nokunciphisa ukunqwabelana kwemfucuza emaphaketheni.
Ukupakishwa kusebenzisa izinhlobo eziningana zezinto ezibolayo, okuyi-bioplastics, iphepha nekhadibhodi, imicu yemvelo, ukupakishwa kwamakhowe namafilimu asuselwa ku-bio. I-Bioplastics yenziwe ngezinsiza ezivuselelekayo ezifana nesitashi sombila, umoba noma amafutha emifino. Kuye ngokubunjwa okuqondile, i-bioplastics ingaba i-biodegradable, i-compostable, noma kokubili.
Iphepha namakhadibhodi asetshenziswa kakhulu ekupakisheni futhi kuyizinto ezibolayo. Zenziwe nge-pulp yokhuni futhi zingakwazi ukuphuka ngokwemvelo. Izinto zokupakisha ezenziwe ngemicu yemvelo efana ne-hemp, bamboo noma ijute ziyabola. Le micu ivuseleleka futhi ibhidlizwe ngokuhamba kwesikhathi. Amafilimu enziwe ngezinto ezisekelwe ku-bio ezifana ne-polylactic acid (PLA) noma i-cellulose ayabola futhi angasetshenziswa ekufakweni okuhlukahlukene.
Ukupakishwa kwe-biodegradable kunciphisa ukunqwabelana kwemfucuza futhi kunciphisa umthelela kuma-ecosystem kanye nemithombo yemvelo. Izinto ezibolayo ezibolayo zihlukana zibe izinto ezingezona ubuthi, okunciphisa inani lemfucuza ezindaweni zokulahla imfucumfucu futhi kukhuthaze ukuthuthukiswa komnotho oyindilinga. Izinto eziningi ezibolayo eziphilayo zithathwe ezintweni ezivuselelekayo, ezinciphisa ukuncika kumafutha ezinto ezimbiwa phansi nezinto ezingavuseleleki. Lolu hlobo lokupakisha luvame ukubhekwa njengoluhambisana nemvelo futhi lungathuthukisa isithunzi somkhiqizo phakathi kwabathengi abaqaphela imvelo.
Okunye okungalungile kokupakishwa okubolayo ukuthi izinto ezibolayo zivame ukudinga izimo ezithile, njengezinga lokushisa elithile, umswakama, kanye nokuba khona kwezinambuzane ezincane, ukuze kuhlakazwe ngempumelelo izinto ezibolayo. Uma lezi zimo zingahlangatshezwana nazo, inqubo ye-biodegradation ingase ihambe kancane noma ingasebenzi kahle.
Ukwengeza, izikhungo zokwelashwa ezihlukene zingadingeka ukuze zibole ngempumelelo lezi zinto. Uma zingahlelwanga futhi zingaphathwa ngendlela efanele, zingangcolisa ukusakaza okugaywa kabusha. Futhi ngezinye izikhathi zibiza kakhulu kunezinto zendabuko, ezithinta izindleko eziphelele zokukhiqiza nokupakisha.
Ezinye izibonelo zalolu hlobo lokupakishwa okusimeme izikhwama zepulasitiki ezingaboli, iziqukathi zokudla okuvundisiwe, amantongomane apakishiwe angaboli, nezinkomishi zekhofi. Izikhwama zepulasitiki zenziwe ngepulasitiki ebolayo, njenge-polylactic acid (PLA), ehlukana ibe izingxenye ezingenabo ubuthi. Iziqukathi zokudla ezenziwe ngezinto ezibolayo ezifana ne-bagasse noma i-cornstarch zingase zifakwe umquba.
Izinto ezisetshenziswa ekupakishweni zingamakinati apakishwe angaboli enziwe ngesitashi noma ezinye izinto zemvelo. Izinkomishi zekhofi ezenziwe ngezinto ezibolayo ezifana nephepha noma i-PLA zithola ukuduma njengenye yezinkomishi ze-Styrofoam ezingaphinde zisetshenziswe kabusha. Amafilimu enziwe ngezinto ezibolayo ezifana ne-PLA noma i-cellulose asetshenziselwa ukupakisha nokuvikela imikhiqizo ehlukahlukene.
Ukupakishwa okuvundisiwe kungafakwa endaweni yokwenza umquba bese kubola kube izinto eziphilayo ngaphandle kokushiya izinsalela ezinobuthi. Ukwenza umquba kuyinqubo yemvelo lapho ama-microorganisms ehlukanisa izinto eziphilayo ngaphansi kwezimo ezithile zokushisa, umswakama kanye nomoya-mpilo.
Umehluko oyinhloko phakathi kwemikhiqizo evundisiwe kanye ne-biodegradable ukuthi izinto ezivundiswayo zidinga indawo ethile ukuze zibole, kuyilapho imikhiqizo ebolayo, kuyilapho idinga ezinye zezimo ezingenhla, ivamise ukubola ngokwemvelo ngaphansi kwezimo ezihlukahlukene.
Ezinye izinhlobo zezinto ezivundisiwe ezisetshenziselwa ukupakisha zihlanganisa amapulasitiki avundile, iphepha namakhadibhodi, imicu yezitshalo, nama-biopolymer emvelo. Amapulasitiki avundile enziwa ngezinsiza ezivuselelekayo ezifana nesitashi sombila noma umoba futhi aklanyelwe ukwehlisa izinga ngaphansi kwezimo zokuvundisa. Zingasetshenziswa ezinhlobonhlobo zezinto zokupakisha ezihlanganisa izikhwama, iziqukathi zokudla kanye ne-tableware.
Ukupakishwa okwenziwe ngemicu yezitshalo efana ne-bagasse (umcu womoba), utshani lukakolweni noma uqalo kuyavundiswa. Le micu ivame ukusetshenziswa ezitsheni zokudla, amathreyi namapuleti. Ukwengeza, ama-biopolymers emvelo afana ne-polylactic acid (PLA) noma i-polyhydroxyalkanoate (PHA) athathwe kuzinsiza ezivuselelekayo futhi angahlanganiswa. Zisetshenziswa ezinhlobonhlobo zezinto zokupakisha ezihlanganisa amafilimu, amabhodlela nezinkomishi.
Ezinye zezinzuzo zokupakishwa kwe-compostable ukuthi kunciphisa udoti futhi kukhuthaze umnotho oyindilinga. Iqhekeka ibe izinto eziphilayo, ezicebisa umhlabathi futhi inciphise isidingo somanyolo wamakhemikhali. Izinto zokupakisha ezivundile zingaphinda ziphambukise imfucuza ezindaweni zokulahla imfucumfucu, kwehlise umthwalo ezinhlelweni zokulawulwa kwemfucuza kanye nokunciphisa ukukhishwa kwesisi esibamba ukushisa okuhambisana nezindawo zokulahla imfucumfucu. Umquba ophuma emaphaketheni avundile ungathuthukisa izinga lomhlabathi nokuvunda, ukhuthaze ukulima okusimeme.
Okunye okungalungile kokupakishwa okuvundile ukuthi kudinga izimo ezithile, okuhlanganisa izinga lokushisa, umswakama, namazinga komoyampilo, ukuze kubole ngokuphumelelayo. Lezi zimo kungenzeka zingasebenzi kuzo zonke izitshalo ezifaka umquba noma izitshalo ezifaka umquba ekhaya. Kwezinye izifunda, ukutholakala kwemishini yokwenza umquba kungase kube nomkhawulo, okwenza kube nzima ukuqinisekisa ukuthi ukupakisha kuhlanganiswe ngendlela efanele. Ukwengeza, ukupakisha okuvundisiwe kufanele kuhlukaniswe ngokufanele kwezinye izimfucumfucu ukuze kugwenywe ukungcola, njengoba izinto ezingavundisi zingaphazamisa ukuvundisa.
Iziqukathi ezenziwe ngezinto ezivundisiwe ezifana ne-bagasse noma i-PLA zisetshenziswa kakhulu embonini yesevisi yokudla. Isibonelo, ama-pods ekhofi alahlwayo enziwe ngezinto ezivundiswayo asedumile njengenye indlela evumelana nemvelo kuzinto ezingaphinde zisetshenziswe. Izikhwama ezivundisiwe, ezenziwe ngezinto ezifana ne-PLA noma ipulasitiki evundisiwe, zinokusetshenziswa okuningi, okuhlanganisa izikhwama zegrosa, izikhwama zegrosa, nezikhwama zikadoti.
Amaphakheji abuyiselekayo angaqoqwa, ahlungwe futhi agaywe kabusha ukuze asetshenziswe njengempahla yemikhiqizo emisha. Ukugaywa kabusha kuhlanganisa ukuguqula imfucuza ibe izinsiza ezisebenziseka kabusha, ukunciphisa isidingo sezinto ezingasasetshenziswa kanye nokunciphisa umthelela wezimayini nokukhiqiza endaweni ezungezile.
Ukupakishwa kwephepha namakhadibhodi kungagaywa kabusha futhi kusetshenziselwe ukwenza imikhiqizo emisha yephepha. Lezi zinto zivame ukuqoqwa futhi zilahlwe ngezinhlelo zokugaywa kabusha. Ngaphezu kwalokho, izinhlobo ezahlukene zokupakishwa kwepulasitiki njengamabhodlela, iziqukathi namafilimu zingagaywa kabusha. Ukugaywa kabusha kwepulasitiki kuhilela ukuhlunga kanye nokugaywa kabusha kukadoti wepulasitiki ukuze kukhiqizwe imikhiqizo emisha noma imicu.
Amaphakheji engilazi afana namabhodlela nezimbiza ayagaywa kabusha. Ingilazi ingaqoqwa, ichotshozwe, inyibilikiswe futhi ibunjwe ibe yizitsha zengilazi noma isetshenziswe njengeqoqo lezinto zokwakha. Ukupakishwa kwensimbi, okuhlanganisa amathini e-aluminium neziqukathi zensimbi, kuyasebenziseka kabusha. Izinsimbi ziyahlukaniswa, zincibilike futhi zibe yimikhiqizo emisha yensimbi.
Inzuzo yalokhu kupakishwa okunobungani kwemvelo ukuthi ukugaywa kabusha kwayo kunciphisa isidingo sezinsiza ezibalulekile, ngaleyo ndlela konga amandla, amanzi kanye nezinto ezingavuthiwe. Lokhu kusiza ukulondoloza imithombo yemvelo futhi kunciphisa umthelela wokukhishwa kwezinsiza endaweni ezungezile. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukusebenzisa kabusha imfucuza kuphambukisa izinto ezisetshenziswayo ezindaweni zokulahla imfucuza futhi kuthuthukisa umnotho oyindilinga ngokwandisa impilo yezinto.
Imboni yokugaywa kabusha iphinde idale amathuba emisebenzi ekuqoqweni, ekucubunguleni nasekukhiqizeni amapulasitiki agaywe kabusha nezinye izinto.
Ukugaywa kabusha kunezihibe zakho. Imfucuza kufanele ihlungwe ngendlela efanele futhi ingangcoliswa ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukugaywa kabusha okusebenzayo. Ukungcola okunjengokuxuba amapulasitiki ahlukene noma izinsalela zokudla ephepheni nasekhadini kungavimbela ukugaywa kabusha.
Ukwengeza, ingqalasizinda eyanele yokugaywa kabusha, okuhlanganisa izinhlelo zokuqoqa nezinsiza zokucubungula, ingase ingatholakali emhlabeni wonke. Ukubamba iqhaza okulinganiselwe ezinhlelweni zokugaywa kabusha kungase futhi kukhawulele amandla okugaywa kabusha.
Amabhodlela e-polyethylene terephthalate (PET) avame ukusetshenziselwa iziphuzo asebenziseka kalula. Angaqoqwa, ahlungwe futhi agaywe kabusha abe amabhodlela epulasitiki amasha noma asetshenziswe ekukhiqizeni imicu yezingubo, okhaphethi noma okunye ukupakisha okusimeme.
Amathini e-aluminium asetshenziselwa isiphuzo noma ukupakisha ukudla ayagaywa kabusha. Ukwenziwa kabusha kwe-aluminiyamu kuhilela ukuyincibilikisa phansi ukuze kwenziwe amathini amasha noma eminye imikhiqizo.
Ukupakishwa kwezitshalo kusho izinto ezitholakala emithonjeni yezitshalo evuselelekayo njengezitshalo, izihlahla, noma enye i-biomass. Lezi zinto ezisetshenziswayo zivame ukukhethwa njengezinye izindlela zokupakisha ezivamile ezitholakala kumafutha ezinto ezimbiwa phansi noma izinsiza ezingavuseleleki. Ukupakishwa okusekelwe ezitshalweni kunezinzuzo eziningi, okuhlanganisa ukuncishiswa komthelela kwezemvelo, ukongiwa kwezinsiza, kanye namandla okubola kwemvelo noma ukuvundisa.
Ukupakisha okusekelwe ezitshalweni kusetshenziswa ezimbonini ezahlukahlukene ezihlanganisa ukudla nesiphuzo, ukunakekelwa komuntu siqu kanye ne-e-commerce. Ingasetshenziswa kokubili ekufakweni okuyisisekelo (ukuxhumana ngokuqondile nomkhiqizo), kanye nokupakisha kwesibili kanye nasezingeni eliphezulu.
I-PLA iyi-bioplastic etholakala ezinsizeni ezivuselelekayo ezifana nesitashi sombila noma umoba futhi ivame ukusetshenziswa emikhiqizweni efana nezinkomishi, amathreyi namaphakheji okudla. I-Bagasse iwumkhiqizo one-fibrous otholakala ekucutshungulweni kukamoba. Le nkampani ikhiqiza imikhiqizo yokupakisha ukudla njengamapuleti, izitsha, neziqukathi zokuthutha. I-Wood pulp, njengephepha nekhadibhodi, nayo imvelaphi yezitshalo futhi isetshenziswa kakhulu ezintweni ezihlukahlukene zokupakisha.
Enye yezinzuzo zokupakishwa okusekelwe ezitshalweni ukuthi kutholakala ezinsizeni ezivuselelekayo njengezitshalo noma izitshalo ezikhula ngokushesha ezingagcwaliswa ngokutshalwa. Lokhu kunciphisa ukuncika ezinsizeni eziyivelakancane futhi kukhuthaze intuthuko esimeme. Izinto ezisekelwe esitshalweni nazo zivame ukuba ne-carbon footprint ephansi kunezinto ezisekelwe kuphethiloli. Ngakho-ke, bangasiza ukunciphisa ukuguquka kwesimo sezulu ngokunciphisa ukukhishwa kwegesi ebamba ukushisa ngesikhathi sokukhiqiza nokulahlwa.
Kodwa-ke, futhi inemikhawulo, njengoba ukupakishwa okusekelwe esitshalweni kungase kube nezici zokusebenza ezihlukile kunezinto zendabuko. Isibonelo, ezinye izinto ezithathwe esitshalweni zingase zibe nezakhiwo eziphansi zokuvimbela ezithinta impilo yeshalofu noma ukuvikelwa komkhiqizo.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukukhiqizwa kwezinto zokupakisha ezisekelwe esitshalweni kuncike ekusetshenzisweni kwezolimo kanye nokusetshenziswa komhlaba. Ukutshala izitshalo zokupakisha kungaba nomthelela emvelweni njengokusetshenziswa kwamanzi, ukugawulwa kwamahlathi, noma ukusetshenziswa kwezibulala-zinambuzane.
Ukupakisha okusebenzisekayo kabusha into yokupakisha noma isitsha esingasetshenziswa izikhathi eziningi ngaphambi kokuba sigaywe kabusha noma silahlwe. Ngokungafani namaphakheji alahlwayo, le phakheji iklanyelwe ukuqina, ukusetshenziswa kabusha kanye nokunciphisa imfucuza engqondweni.
Ukupakisha okusebenzisekayo kabusha kusetshenziswa ezimbonini ezahlukahlukene ezihlanganisa ezokuthengisa, ezokudla nesiphuzo, eze-e-commerce, nezokuthutha. Ingasetshenziswa emikhiqizweni ehlukahlukene ehlanganisa ukudla, ukunakekelwa komuntu siqu kanye nemikhiqizo ehlala isikhathi eside.
Izikhwama zokuthenga ezingasetshenziswa kabusha ezenziwe ngezinto ezihlala isikhathi eside njengeseyili, inayiloni, noma izindwangu ezigaywe kabusha zivame ukusetshenziswa njengenye izikhwama zepulasitiki ezisetshenziswa kanye. Iziqukathi zokudla ezingasetshenziswa kabusha ezenziwe ngengilazi, insimbi engagqwali, noma ipulasitiki ehlala isikhathi eside nazo zingasetshenziselwa ukugcina nokuthutha ukudla, kunciphise isidingo sezitsha ezisetshenziswa kanye. Amakhreyithi asebenziseka kabusha, amaphalethi neziqukathi ezisetshenziselwa izinto zokuhamba nezokuthutha zingabuyiswa futhi ziphinde zisetshenziswe, okunciphisa isidingo sokupakishwa okulahlwayo.
Ukupakishwa okusebenziseka kabusha kunezinzuzo eziningi kunezinye ezilahlwayo, okuhlanganisa ukuncishiswa kwemfucuza, ukongiwa kwezinsiza kanye nomthelela omncane kwezemvelo.
Lokhu kufakwa kwe-eco-friendly kunciphisa kakhulu inani lemfucuza ekhiqizwayo njengoba ingasetshenziswa izikhathi eziningi ngaphambi kokulahlwa, kusiza ukugcina udoti ngaphandle kwezindawo zokulahla imfucumfucu futhi kunciphisa isidingo sezinto ezintsha zokupakisha. Ukwengeza, ukusetshenziswa kabusha kokupakisha kunciphisa isidingo sezinsiza eziyinhloko, ukonga amandla, amanzi kanye nezinto zokusetshenziswa.
Okokugcina, nakuba ukupakisha okusebenziseka kabusha kungase kube nezindleko eziphezulu zangaphambili, kungonga imali ngokuhamba kwesikhathi. Amabhizinisi angehlisa izindleko zokupakisha ngokutshala imali ezixazululweni ezihlala isikhathi eside, ezisebenziseka kabusha ezisusa isidingo sokuthenga njalo amaphakheji alahlwayo.
Kodwa-ke, ukuqaliswa kohlelo olusebenziseka kabusha kudinga ingqalasizinda efanele kanye nempahla efana nokuqoqwa, ukuhlanzwa nokusabalalisa amanethiwekhi, ezethula izindleko ezengeziwe nokucatshangelwa kokusebenza.
Izimiso zomklamo wokupakisha osimeme uwukunciphisa ukusetshenziswa kwezinto, ukukhetha izinto ezinomthelela ophansi kwemvelo, ukwandisa ukusebenza kahle kanye nokunciphisa izinto eziyingozi.
Abaklami abakha izixazululo zokupakisha ezisimeme bafuna izinketho ezingasindi ngosayizi olungile futhi bathuthukise isilinganiso somkhiqizo-to-pack. Ukupakisha kuklanyelwe ukusebenzisa kahle indawo, ukuthutha noma ukugcina imikhiqizo eminingi ngevolumu enikeziwe, ukunciphisa ukukhishwa kwezinto zokuthutha nokuthuthukisa ukuhamba.